1. Aalijahan, M., & Khosravichenar, A. (2021). A multimethod analysis for average annual precipitation mapping in the Khorasan Razavi Province (Northeastern Iran). Atmosphere, 12(5), 592.
2. Ababaei, B., Sohrabi, T., Mirzaei, F., & Karimi, B. (2010). Evaluation of a stochastic weather generator in different climates. Computer and Information Science, 3(3), 217.
3. Abedinpour, M. 2021. The Comparison of DSSAT-CERES and AquaCrop Models for Wheat Under Water–Nitrogen Interactions. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 52, pp. 2002 - 2017.
4. Afshartabar, R., Mortazavi, S. A., & Khalilian, S. (2023). Evaluation climate change Impact on the production of agricultural products in Marvdasht city. Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage, 17(1), 42-55. (In Persian)
5. Agricultural Yearbook 2022–2023 Field Crops. Planning and Economic Affairs Deputy, Ministry of Agriculture, 2024. In Persian)
6. Ahmadi, M., Etedali, H. R., Salem, A., Al-Mukhtar, M., & Elbeltagi, A. (2024). Simulation of wheat water footprint using AquaCrop model under the climate change, case study in Qazvin plain. Applied Water Science, 14(12), 264.
7. Ahmadpari, H., Khaustov, V., & Amini, A. (2025). Linear Signs and Kendall Lines: Detecting Local Climate Warming through Combined Statistical Approaches. Nivar, 49(Special English Issue), 14–33.
8. Akhavan Giglou, K., Kheiry, M., Ahmadpari, H., Abbasi, S. and Kalateh, F. (2023). Investigating virtual water content and physical and economic water productivity indicators in crops (Case study: Moghan irrigation network, Ardabil province). Water and Soil Management and Modelling, 3(3), 277-295. (In Persian)
9. Bagheri Khaneghahi, M., HezarJaribi, A., Kamali, M. I., & Zamani, F. (2025). Projection of Temperature and Radiation in Arid and Semi-Arid Climates under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) Scenarios. Water and Soil Management and Modelling, 5, 32-48.
10. Bakshi, H. A., Durandish, A., Zarei, N., & Sabohi, M. (2022). Effects of climate change on production yield of major cereals in Iran. Agricultural Economics, 16(2), 27-46.
11. Basereh, F., Ahmadpari, H. and sharifi, M. (2024). Investigating virtual water content and agricultural water productivity indicators in crops (Case study: Dehloran County, Ilam Province). Water and Soil Management and Modelling, 4(3), 1-18. (In Persian)
12. Bouras, E., Jarlan, L., Khabba, S., Er-Raki, S., Dezetter, A., Sghir, F., & Tramblay, Y. (2019). Assessing the impact of global climate changes on irrigated wheat yields and water requirements in a semi-arid environment of Morocco. Scientific reports, 9(1), 19142.
13. Bouteska, A., Sharif, T., Bhuiyan, F., & Abedin, M. (2024). Impacts of the changing climate on agricultural productivity and food security: Evidence from Ethiopia. Journal of Cleaner Production.
14. Calanca, P. (2020, May). Underestimation of temperature variability in weather generators and implications for the representation of extreme temperatures in downscaled climate change scenarios. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (p. 4572).
15. Chauhdary, J. N., Li, H., Ragab, R., Rakibuzzaman, M., Khan, A. I., Zhao, J., and Akbar, N. (2024). Climate change impacts on future wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield, growth periods and irrigation requirements: a SALTMED model simulations analysis. Agronomy, 14(7), 1484.
16. Da Conceição, W. N. F., de Faria, R. T., Coelho, A. P., Palaretti, L. F., Dalri, A. B., & de Freitas, E. P. (2024). Calibration, testing and application of the AquaCrop model for bean crop under irrigation regimes. International Journal of Biometeorology, 68(9), 1703-1716.
17. Dastorani, M., Akbari, E., & Qaderi, M. (2025). Investigation of the impact of climate change on runoff in the Kahneh Joghtai watershed using the HadGEM3-GC31-LL model and the SCS curve number method. Journal of Arid Regions Geographic Studies, 16(61), 87-99.
18. Dehghani, T., Liaghat, A, Nazari, B. (2026). Analysis of Climate Scenario Impacts on Irrigated Wheat Water Productivity in Alborz Province Using the AquaCrop Model, Iranian Water Research Journal, (Article in press). (In Persian)
19. Dehghani, T., Nazari, B., Liaghat, A. (2025). Future-oriented agricultural water management with scenario-based evaluation: Case study of Maize in Khuzestan, Special Issue: New Approaches to Water and Soil Management and Modeling, (Article in press). (In Persian)
20. Dehghani, T., Rahimikhoob, A., & Arab, M. (2019). Investigating the effect of Basil planting date on AquaCrop’s normalized water productivity. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 49(6), 1299-1307. (In Persian).
21. Dheyaa, M. A., Al-Mukhtar, M. M., & Shemal, K. (2024). Analyzing the future climate change impacts on meteorological parameters using the LARS-WG model. Civil Engineering Journal, 10(11), 3754-3778.
22. FAO. (2018). AquaCrop Version 6.0: Reference Manual. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
23. Fatih, Ü., Kaya, Y. Z., & Mustafa, M. (2020). Daily reference evapotranspiration prediction based on climatic conditions applying different data mining techniques and empirical equations. Theoretical and applied climatology, 141(1-2), 763-773.
24. Fisher, R. A. (1970). Statistical methods for research workers. In Breakthroughs in statistics: Methodology and distribution (pp. 66-70). New York, NY: Springer New York.
25. Guerra, C. A., Rosa, I. M., Valentini, E., Wolf, F., Filipponi, F., Karger, D. N., ... & Eisenhauer, N. (2020). Global vulnerability of soil ecosystems to erosion. Landscape ecology, 35(4), 823-842.
26. Hadi, S. H., Alwan, H. H., & Al-Mohammed, F. M. (2024). Analysis of climate change scenarios using the LARS-WG 8 model based on precipitation and temperature trends. Civil Engineering Journal, 10(12), 4019-4042.
27. IPCC (2021b). Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), Working Group II: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Annex I: Global to Regional Atlas Wheat Yield Projections.
28. IPCC, (2021a): Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2391 pp.
29. Kavwenje, S., Zhao, L., Chen, L., & Chaima, E. (2022). Projected temperature and precipitation changes using the LARS‐WG statistical downscaling model in the Shire River Basin, Malawi. International Journal of Climatology, 42(1), 400-415.
30. Khalili, N., Davary, K., Alizadeh, A., Ansari, H., Rezaee Pazhand, H., Kafi, M., & Ghahraman, B. (2016). Evaluation of the performance of ClimGen and LARS-WG models in generating rainfall and temperature time series in rainfed research station of Sisab, Northern Khorasan. Water and Soil, 30(1), 322-333.
31. Komasi, M., & Doorbashizadeh, B. (2025). Evaluation of fractal theory and LARS-WG downscaling model in precipitation and temperature forecasting via a climate change approach. Journal of Water and Climate Change, jwc2025848.
32. Koukouli, P., Georgiou, P., & Karpouzos, D. (2025). Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Change Scenarios on Maize Yield and Irrigation Water Using the CropSyst Model: An Application in Northern Greece. Agronomy, 15(3), 638.
33. Ledolter, J., Gramlich, O. W., & Kardon, R. H. (2020). Parametric statistical inference for comparing means and variances. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 61(8), 25-25.
34. Li, Y., Li, N., Javed, T., Pulatov, A. S., & Yang, Q. (2024). Cotton yield responses to climate change and adaptability of sowing date simulated by AquaCrop model. Industrial Crops and Products, 212, 118319.
35. Lotfi, M., Kamali, G. A., Meshkatee, A. H., & Varshavian, V. (2022). Performance analysis of LARS-WG and SDSM downscaling models in simulating temperature and precipitation changes in the West of Iran. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 8(4), 4649-4659.
36. Marcos-Barbero, E. L., Pérez, P., Martínez-Carrasco, R., Arellano, J. B., & Morcuende, R. (2021). Genotypic variability on grain yield and grain nutritional quality characteristics of wheat grown under elevated CO2 and high temperature. Plants, 10(6), 1043.
37. Mirosavljević, M., Mikić, S., Župunski, V., Abdelhakim, L., Trkulja, D., Zhou, R., ... & Ottosen, C. O. (2024). Effects of heat stress during anthesis and grain filling stages on some physiological and agronomic traits in diverse wheat genotypes. Plants, 13(15), 2083.
38. Mirshekari, S., Yaghoubi, F., & Hashemi, S. A. (2025). Climate Change Impacts on Wheat Yields in Arid Regions of Iran: A Multimodel Approach for Adaptation Strategies. International Journal of Plant Production, 1-16.
39. Naderi, M. (2025). Projections of major climate change indicators over Iran from 2021 to 2080. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-23.
40. Najafi, M. R., Abbasian, M., Na, W., RahimiMovaghar, M., Bakhtiari, S., Islam, M. R., ... & Rezvani, R. (2025). Multi‐Model Projection of Climate Extremes under 1.5 C–4 C Global Warming Levels across Iran. International Journal of Climatology, 45(4), e8740.
41. Nhemachena, C., Nhamo, L., Matchaya, G., Nhemachena, C. R., Muchara, B., Karuaihe, S. T., & Mpandeli, S. (2020). Climate change impacts on water and agriculture sectors in Southern Africa: Threats and opportunities for sustainable development. Water, 12(10), 2673.
42. Nykytiuk, Y., Kravchenko, O., Komorna, O., Bambura, V., & Seredniak, D. (2025). Global climate change will lead to a decrease in the erosion resistance of Polissya and Forest-Steppe soils. Biosystems Diversity, 33(1), e2502-e2502.
43. Obead, I. H., & Hussein, Z. (2024, August). Climate Change Projections in Euphrates River Watersheds in the Middle of Iraq. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1374, No. 1, p. 012046). IOP Publishing.
44. Qi, Y., Zhang, Q., Hu, S., Wang, R., Wang, H., Zhang, K., ... & Yang, Y. (2022). Effects of high temperature and drought stresses on growth and yield of summer maize during grain filling in North China. Agriculture, 12(11), 1948.
45. Raes, D., Steduto, P., Hsiao, T. C., & Fereres, E. (2009). AquaCrop-The FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water. FAO Land and Water Division, FAO, Rome.
46. Raoufi, H., & Attayee, S. N. (2025). Assessing Precipitation Trend: a Case Study of Kabul, Afghanistan. Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI), 6(1), 124-134.
47. Raoufi, R. S., & Soufizadeh, S. (2020). Simulation of the impacts of climate change on phenology, growth, and yield of various rice genotypes in humid sub-tropical environments using AquaCrop-Rice. International Journal of Biometeorology, 64(10), 1657-1673.
48. Sedhai, S., Pandey, V. P., Shrestha, M. N., Pradhan, A. M. S., & Shrestha, N. (2023). Climate Change Impact on Water Requirement and Yield of Wheat: An Application of AquaCrop in Madabhar Irrigation Project, Chitwan.
49. Semenov, M. A., & Brooks, R. J. (1999). Spatial interpolation of the LARS-WG stochastic weather generator in Great Britain. Climate Research, 11(2), 137-148.
50. Semenov, M. A., & Stratonovitch, P. (2010). Use of multi-model ensembles from global climate models for assessment of climate change impacts. Climate research, 41, 1-14.
51. Shakoor, A., Shah, S. A., Sattar, M. N., Ogunrinde, A. T., Alharbi, R. S., & Rehman, F. U. (2025). Hydroclimate Drivers and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Reference Evapotranspiration in a Changing Climate. Water, 17(17), 2586.
52. Skendžić, S., Zovko, M., Živković, I. P., Lešić, V., & Lemić, D. (2021). The impact of climate change on agricultural insect pests. Insects, 12(5), 440.
53. Soleymani Nejad, S., Dourandish, A., Sabouhi, M., & Banayan Aval, M. (2019). The effects of climate change on cropping pattern (Case study: Mashhad plain). Iranian journal of agricultural economics and development research, 50(2), 249-263. (In Persian)
54. Soltani, A., A. Nahbandani, A. Zeinali, et al. 2019. “Development of an atlas of yield gaps and production potential of major crops in Iran under current and future climate conditions.” Vazhegan Sirang, Tehran. (In Persian)
55. Steduto, P., Hsiao, T. C., & Fereres, E. (2007). On the conservative behavior of biomass water productivity. Irrigation Science, 25(3), 189-207.
56. Steduto, P., Hsiao, T. C., Raes, D., & Fereres, E. (2009). AquaCrop—The FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water: I. Concepts and underlying principles. Agronomy journal, 101(3), 426-437.
57. Stjern, C. W., Samset, B. H., Boucher, O., Iversen, T., Lamarque, J. F., Myhre, G., ... & Takemura, T. (2020). How aerosols and greenhouse gases influence the diurnal temperature range. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 20(21), 13467-13480.
58. Student. (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 1-25.
59. Suo, X., Jiang, Y., Chen, G., Li, J., Lai, Y., Li, L., ... & Li, B. (2025). Spatial and temporal patterns of precipitation concentration and their associated risks. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 33152.
60. Usta, D. F. B., Teymouri, M., & Chatterjee, U. (2022). Assessment of temperature changes over Iran during the twenty-first century using CMIP6 models under SSP1-26, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 15(5), 416.
61. Van Bussel, L. G., Grassini, P., Van Wart, J., Wolf, J., Claessens, L., Yang, H., ... & van Ittersum, M. K. (2015). From field to atlas: upscaling of location-specific yield gap estimates. Field Crops Research, 177, 98-108.
62. Wang, K., & Clow, G. D. (2020). The diurnal temperature range in CMIP6 models: climatology, variability, and evolution. Journal of Climate, 33(19), 8261-8279.
63. Wang, Y., Jaworski, C. C., Zi, H., Chen, J., Desneux, N., & Tan, X. (2024). Increased ladybird predation and metabolism do not counterbalance increased field aphid population growth under experimental warming. Functional Ecology, 38(5), 1134-1145.
64. Wilks, D. S. (2011). Statistical methods in the atmospheric sciences (Vol. 100). Academic press.
65. Xiao, D., Li Liu, D., Wang, B., Feng, P., Bai, H., & Tang, J. (2020). Climate change impact on yields and water use of wheat and maize in the North China Plain under future climate change scenarios. Agricultural Water Management, 238, 106238.
66. Xu, Y., Li, T., Xu, M., Tan, L., & Shen, S. (2024). Assessing climate change effects on winter wheat production in the 3H plain: insights from bias-corrected CMIP6 projections. Agriculture, 14(3), 469.
67. Ye, Z., Qiu, X., Chen, J., Cammarano, D., Ge, Z., Ruane, A. C., ... & Zhu, Y. (2020). Impacts of 1.5 C and 2.0 C global warming above pre-industrial on potential winter wheat production of China. European Journal of Agronomy, 120, 126149.
68. Zare, M., Azam, S., Sauchyn, D., & Yaghoubi, F. (2025). Assessment and mapping of climate change impacts on spring wheat yield in Southern Saskatchewan using DSSAT and high-resolution RCM projections. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 33680.
69. Zeinali Mobarakeh, Z., Deihimfard, R., & Kambouzia, J. (2018). Modelling the Impacts of Climate Change on Irrigated Wheat Yield Under Water Limited Conditions in Khorasan Razavi Province. Journal of Agricultural science and sustainable production, 28(3), 155-169. (In Persian)
70. Zeinali Mobarakeh, Z., Deihimfard, R., & Kambouzia, J. (2019). Evaluation of climate change effects and adaptation strategies on grain yield and water use efficiency of irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum): A cae study in Khorasan Razavi province. Journal of Plant Production Research, 26(3), 71-87. (In Persian)
71. Zenozi Alamdari, N., Sobhani, B., Eshahi, M., & Mohammadi, M. (2025). Precipitation and temperature zoning of Khorasan Razavi province using data from the sixth climate change report (CMIP6). Journal of Environmental Science Studies, 9(4), 9761-9753.
72. Zynal Zadeh, M., Gobadijanbaz, G., Motevalli, S., Taherian, M., & Kouhi, M. (2025). Projecting the changes of extreme climate indices in Razavi Khorasan province (Case study: Torbat Heydarieh and Kashmar). Journal of Climate Research, 1403(59), 47-60.