1.Ashrafi, S. (2010). Rainfall zoning of northwestern Iran using cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. Journal of Climatological Research, Issues 3–4, 1–21. (In Persian)
2.Assakereh, H., & Razmi, R. (2011). Changes in the precipitation regime of northwestern Iran. Journal of Climatological Research, 2(7–8), 99–114. (In Persian)
3. Azizzadeh, M., Javan, K., Rasouli, A., & Ostadi, A. (2018). Estimation of spring thunderstorm occurrence probability using the Markov chain model (Case study: Tabriz). Natural Environment Hazards Quarterly, 7(18), 16. (In Persian)
4. Boroumand, A., Jahan, J., & Salahi, B. (2015). Extraction and analysis of synoptic patterns leading to thunderstorm events in the Ardabil Plain. Journal of Physical Geography Research, 47(3), 399–419. (In Persian)
5. Ceferino-Hernández, L., Magaña-Hernández, F., Campos-Campos, E., Morosanu, G. A., Torres-Aguilar, C. E., Mora-Ortiz, R. S., & Díaz, S. A. (2024). Evaluation of PERSIANN satellite products in the Tulija River basin, Mexico. Remote Sensing, 16(14), 2596.
6. Darand, M., Masoodian, A., Nazaripour, H., & Mansouri Daneshvar, M. R. (2015). Spatial and temporal trend analysis of temperature extremes based on Iranian climatic database. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 8(10), 8469–8480.
7. Delavar, M., Babaei, O., & Fattahi, E. (2014). Assessment of climate change impacts on Lake Urmia water level fluctuations. Journal of
Climatological Research, 19, 53–65. (In Persian)
8. Demšar, U. (2013). Principal component analysis on spatial data: An overview. Journal of Geographic Research, 23(4), 234–245.
9. Gerami, M. S., Karimi, M., Azizi, Q., & Refati, S. (2022). Synoptic analysis of widespread spring precipitation and thunderstorm events in northwestern Iran. Physical Geography Research Quarterly, 54(1). (In Persian)
10. Ghazanfari, A., Sarmad, Q., & Mazraeh Farahani, M. (2022). Nowcasting the initiation of convection using satellite data. Iranian Journal of Geophysics, 16(3), 1–22. [In Persian]
11. Ghazanfari Moghaddam, A., Alizadeh, A., Mousavi Baygi, F., Hosseini, B., & Banaian, A. (2011). Comparison of the PERSIANN model with interpolation methods for estimating daily precipitation (Case study: North Khorasan). Journal of Water and Soil, 25(1). [In Persian]
12. Ghodrati, Z., Salahi, B., & Saber, M. (2024). Assessment of changes in the number of convective precipitation days in northwestern Iran using the Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. Journal of Environmental Science Studies, 9(4). (In Persian)
13. Ghasemifar, E., Planche, C., Baray, J. L., Almazroui, M., & others. (2025). 25-years study (2000–2024) of extreme precipitation following heatwaves in the Middle East: Regional patterns, trends, and atmospheric drivers. Atmospheric Research.
14. Jahanbakhsh Asl, S., & Zolfaghari, H. (2002). Analysis of synoptic patterns of daily rainfall in western Iran. Geographical Research, 63–64, 234–259. (In Persian)
15. Jalali, A. (2006). Spatio-temporal analysis of thunderstorm rainfall in northwestern Iran (Doctoral dissertation). University of Tabriz, Iran. (In Persian)
16. Javan, K., Rasouli, A., Erfanian, M., & Sari Sarraf, B. (2018). Comparative evaluation of rainfall estimation methods in the Lake Urmia basin. Journal of Geography and Planning, 22, 83–100. (In Persian)
17. Javanmard, S., Golestani, S., & Abedini, Y. (2011). Spatio-temporal distribution of convective and stratiform rainfall over Iran using TMI–TRMM satellite data. Proceedings of the Physics of Iran Conference, 2716–2719. (In Persian)
18. Jolliffe, I. T. (2016). Principal component analysis: A review and recent developments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 374(2065), 20150202.
19. Karagiannidis, A., Lagouvardos, K., & Kotroni, V. (2016). The use of lightning data and Meteosat infrared imagery for the nowcasting of lightning activity. Atmospheric Research, 168, 57–69.
20. Khosh Akhlagh, F., Heydari, M. A., Ghiasolhosseini, M., & Karimi Dehbakhari, S. (2013). Statistical and synoptic investigation of thunderstorm precipitation in the Caspian Sea region. Proceedings of the 2nd National Conference on Environmental Protection and Planning, 1–10. (In Persian)
21. Lashkari, H., & Aghasi, N. (2013). Synoptic analysis of thunderstorm events in Tabriz during 1996–2005. Geography and Planning, 45, 203–234. (In Persian)
22. Masoudian, S. A. (2005). Identification of precipitation regimes in Iran using cluster analysis. Geographical Research, 52. (In Persian)
23. Mirmousavi, S. H., & Heydari Monfared, Z. (2024). Spatio-temporal analysis of mean snow cover changes during cold seasons in northwestern Iran. Nivar Journal, 124–125, 84–104. (In Persian)
24. Mitchell, A. (2005). The ESRI guide to GIS analysis: Volume 2 – Spatial measurements and statistics. ESRI Press.
25. Movaghari, A. R., & Javan, Kh. (2023). Spatial distribution of changes in the trend of extreme precipitation indices in northwestern Iran. Journal of Desert Meteorology and Applied Climatology, 9(1), 21–38.
26. Nguyen, P., Shearer, E. J., Tran, H., Ombadi, M., Hayatbini, N., Palacios, T., Huynh, P., Updegraff, G., Hsu, K., Kuligowski, B., Logan, W. S., & Sorooshian, S. (2019). The CHRS data portal: An easily accessible public repository for PERSIANN global satellite precipitation data. Scientific Data, 6, 180296.
27. Nguyen, P., Ombadi, M., Gorooh, V. A., Shearer, E. J., Sadeghi, M., Sorooshian, S., Hsu, K., Bolvin, D., & Ralph, M. F. (2020). PERSIANN Dynamic Infrared–Rain Rate (PDIR-Now): A near-real-time, quasi-global satellite precipitation dataset. Journal of Hydrometeorology.
28. Raeespour, K., Ebrahimi Emad, Z., & Khosravi, M. (2023). Spatial analysis of precipitation distribution in Iran using GPM satellite data. Climate Change and Weather Hazards, 2(3), 714–724. (In Persian)
29. Rasouli, A. (2005). Modeling thunderstorm rainfall in Tabriz city from a flood risk perspective. Proceedings of the International Conference on Earth Hazards, Natural Disasters and Mitigation Strategies. University of Tabriz, Iran. (In Persian)
30. Rasouli, A. (2011). An introduction to satellite meteorology and climatology. Tabriz: University of Tabriz Press. (In Persian)
31.Rasouli, A. A., & Cheung, K. (2013). Spatial distribution of severe thunderstorm rainfall events throughout the GMSTWA and adjacent Tasman Sea. Proceedings of the 7th Annual CAWCR Workshop, Melbourne, Australia, 47.
32. Rasouli, A. A., & Mammadov, R. (2020). Preliminary satellite image analysis inside the ArcGIS setting. Lambert Academic Publishing.
33. Rasouli, A. A., Mammadov, G. Sh., & Asgarova, M. M. (2021). Mastering spatial data analysis inside the GIS setting. Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University.
34. Rasouli, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., & Ghasemi, A. (2014). Investigation of the relationship between key cloud parameters and daily precipitation in Iran. Geographical Research Quarterly, 112, 23–42. (In Persian)
35. Rasouli, A., Jalali, T., Sarafroozeh, F., & Esmailpour, M. (2015). Spatio-temporal changes and prediction of Nisan rainfall in East Azerbaijan Province. Scientific Research Journal of Geography, 52, 171–191. (In Persian)
36. Rasouli, A., Khorshiddoost, A., & Fakhari Vahed, M. (2018). Analysis of lightning frequency distribution and its relationship with elevation in southeastern Iran. Scientific–Research Quarterly of Geographic Information, 106, 169–178. (In Persian)
37. Rasouli, A., Nasiri, S., & Valizadeh, K. (2011). Modeling the spatial distribution of thunderstorm rainfall in mountainous regions of northwestern Iran (2010–2012). Journal of Physical Geography Research, 40, 414–417. (In Persian)
38. Rasouli, A., Rostamzadeh, H., Sari Sarraf, B., & Omidfar, M. (2020). Evaluation of Doppler radar performance using synoptic station rainfall data in the Lake Urmia basin. Journal of Geography and Planning, 24(72), 247–266. (In Persian)
39. Rasouli, A., Roshani, R., & Ghasemi, A. (2013). Spatio-temporal variations of annual precipitation in Iran. Geographical Research, 28(1), 205–224. (In Persian)
40. Saliqe, M., Naserzadeh, M., & Ghaffari, A. (2018). Analysis of spring convective precipitation in northwestern Iran using instability indices. Journal of Geography and Planning Research, 64, 129–147. [In Persian]
41. Sen Roy, S., & Balling, R. C., Jr. (2014). Spatial patterns of diurnal lightning activity in southern Africa during austral summer. Atmospheric Research, 145, 182–188.
42. Shahdoosti, H. R., & Ghassemian, H. (2016). Combining the spectral PCA and spatial PCA fusion methods by an optimal filter. Information Fusion, 27, 150–160.
43. Shirvani, A., & Nazemolsadat, S. M. (2012). Rainfall zoning in Iran using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Iranian Journal of Water Resources Research, 8(1), 81–85. (In Persian)
44. Sobhani, B., Safarian, V., & Deyham Sarikhan, R. (2019). Spatial modeling of thunderstorm rainfall using satellite imagery and precipitable water estimation. Journal of Urban Ecology Research, 19, 151–164. (In Persian)
45. Sorooshian, S., Gao, X., Hsu, K., Maddox, R. A., Hong, Y., Imam, B., & Gupta, H. V. (2002). Diurnal variability of tropical rainfall retrieved from combined GOES and TRMM satellite information. Journal of Climate, 15, 983–1001.
46. Sorooshian, S., Nguyen, P., Sellars, S., Braithwaite, D., AghaKouchak, A., & Hsu, K. (2014). Satellite-based remote sensing estimation of precipitation for early warning systems. In Extreme Natural Hazards, Disaster Risks and Societal Implications (pp. 99–111). Cambridge University Press.
47. Wang, X., & Xiaowei, Z. (2021). ℓ₂,p-norm based PCA for image recognition. International Journal of Computer Applications, 15(4), 37–42.
48. Yang, K., Wang, Z., Deng, M., & Dettmann, B. (2023). Combining CloudSat/CALIPSO and MODIS measurements to reconstruct convective cloud structure. Remote Sensing of Environment, 287, 113478.
49. Yousefnejad, R., Farajzadeh, M., & Ghooydell Rahimi, Y. (2024). Accuracy assessment of PERSIANN-family satellite precipitation data at daily, monthly, and annual scales in Iran. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing and GIS in Environmental Sciences, 4(13), 90–116.